The Central Nervous System ( Cns ) Development - 1575 Words

Introduction Central nervous system (CNS) development is complex, as genetic and environmental factors influence rapidly occurring processes throughout prenatal life. During CNS development, phylogenetically primordial regions of the brain develop first, followed by more complex structures. When this procedure is disrupted, teratogenic outcomes are often observed, leading to serious mental or motor dysfunctions if not fetal death (Martin and Dombrowski, 2008). Thus the prenatal CNS is vulnerable to environmental factors, such as folate deficiency (FD), during rapidly developing periods, producing detrimental outcomes, for example neural tube defects (NTD). Folate Folate is a necessary vitamin part of the B complex group, not synthesized de novo, but consumed through foods such as leafy green vegetables (Djukic, 2007). In the developing fetus, folate transport across the placenta is regulated by reduced-folate-carriers and folate receptor proteins, which allow large folate requirements needed for high cell proliferation rates to be met. Both also show an increased pattern of expression during neural tube closure, indicating that folate has a crucial role in CNS development (Djukic, 2007). Fleming and Copp (1998) demonstrated this by successfully treating mice embryos predisposed to neural tube defects using folic acid supplements. The mechanism of its action on neural tube development is currently still not fully understood. However it is known that folate is crucial forShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"There is evidence that PME directly affects the development of the central nervous system (CNS) in700 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"There is evidence that PME directly affects the development of the central nervous system (CNS) in both animals and humans† (Day, Goldschmidt Thomas, 2006). In this article, whether or not prenatal marijuana exposure (PME) contributes to marijuana use at age fourteen is studied. Over the years the use of marijuana and its effects on adolescents has increased. There have been attempts to prevent the use of marijuana among adolescents, but in order to prevent something you have to know the reasonRead MoreCentral Nervous System1222 Words   |  5 PagesThe central nervous system (CNS) is that portion of the vertebrae nervous system that is composed of the brain and spinal cord. Together with the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the other major portion of the nervous system, the CNS coordinates the bodys interaction with the environment. The CNS is contained within the dorsal cavity, with the brain in the cranial subcavity (the skull), and the spinal cord in the spinal cavity (within the vertebral column). Then human nervous system is the mostRead MoreDeveloping A Composite Scaffold That Integrates Growth Factors935 Words   |  4 Pagesscarring in injuries to the central nervous system (CNS). The environment formed from glial scarring is inhibitory to the development and survival of cells that are implanted at the site of injury, chiefly due to the inability of axons to extend through glial scars. However, glial scarring is necessary to protect brain tissue from infection and to prevent additional cell damage. Hence, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches for effective treatment of CNS injuries are subject to extensiveRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On The Nervous System1280 Words   |  6 Pageswithout adults in order to be more excited or ‘cool’. Having alcohol has negative affects on the nervous system and other body organs. Biochemistry behind the issue ââ€"  The interaction of the chemical with nerves The brain is made up of more than 100 billion neurons. Each makes tens of thousands of connections. Alcohol will destroy or even kill neurons. This will make a great harm to teenagers brain development. Alcohol is able to seep into the brain because it can go across the blood brain barrier. ThisRead MoreThe Nervous System And Peripheral Nervous Systems958 Words   |  4 PagesThe nervous system has three general functions: a sensory function, an interpretative function and a motor function. Sensory nerves gather information from inside the body and the outside environment. The nerves then carry the information to central nervous system (CNS). Nervous tissue consists of two main types of cells: neurons and neuroglia. Neurons also so known as nerve cells ) transmit nerve impulses that move information around the body. Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous SystemRead MoreEssay On Congenital Insensitivity To Pain With Anhidrosis814 Words   |  4 Pagesdangerous because of how it affects and damages the functions of the nervous system. The nervous system is in many ways the most vital system of the body. It is responsible for monitoring and regulating homeostasis, coordinating voluntary and involuntary responses and integrating sensory information. Anatomically, it is divided into two sections: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS controls the brain and spinal cord and â€Å"integrates and coordinates sensoryRead MoreNervous Systems And The Nervous System1386 Words   |  6 Pages The nervous system is a system of nerve cells and fibres that transmit electrical impulses throughout the whole body. The nervous system is made up of two systems; the central nervous system or CNS and the peripheral nervous system or PNS. The CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord (see Figure 1.0 below), these are protected by bone and cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid, and the PNS is the nervous around the rest of the body. The PNS consists of motor neurons, sensory neurons, somatic nervousRead MoreA New Field Of Science1256 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowth of the brain goes on till a child’s 6th year of age, given it its wrinkled appearance. The cells that constitute the nervous system are called neurons (or nerve cells) and glial cells. The Glial Cells (with glia meaning â€Å"glue†) make up a great percentage of the brain’s cells but they do not carry nerve impulses. What they do is maintain and develop the nervous system by providing the necessary comp osition for it like myelin (serves as a layer for axon and for boosting transmission speed).Read MoreParkinson s Disease ( Cns ) And The Peripheral Nervous System999 Words   |  4 Pagesareas that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine† (Fischer, 1999). It affects the nervous system, more specifically it affects the nerve cells in your brain that secrete dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical that is responsible for the movement and coordination of the musculoskeletal system. The nervous system is composed of two separate systems: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord while the PNS consists of the nerves that areRead MoreExamining Compounds That Affect Mitochondrial Transport Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop CNS (Central Nervous System) active drugs. CNS disorders are not only staggeringly complex but are poorly treated diseases (Palmer and Stephenson, 2005). In the United States alone the annual cost for stroke, depression, Schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease are currently estimated to be over $250 billion annually (Pangalos et al., 2007). Despite the advances in translational medicine and pharmaceutical research little progress has been made in developing CNS therapeutics. Improving CNS drug